241 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
241 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: RDF
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TARGET DECK: Obsidian::STEM
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FILE TAGS: rdf
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tags:
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- rdf
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---
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## Overview
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The **Resource Description Framework** (RDF) is the foundational representation language of the Semantic Web. The basic building block of RDF is the **triple** containing a **subject**, **predicate**, and **object**. Global identifiers of resources are represented as [[uri|URIs]] (or, more generally, IRIs). These URIs can be expressed more compactly as [[uri#CURIEs|CURIEs]].
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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Which organization standardized RDF?
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Back: W3C
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722340624977-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What is W3C an acronym for?
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Back: **W**orld **W**ide **W**eb **C**onsortium.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722340624982-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What is RDF an acronym for?
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Back: **R**esource **D**escription **F**ramework.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722187893324-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What is considered the basic representation language of the Semantic Web?
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Back: RDF.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722187893326-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Cloze
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With respect to RDF, a {resource} is {anything representable on the web}.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722187893328-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What aggregate concept is considered the basic building block of RDF?
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Back: The triple.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722187893330-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What three components make up an RDF triple?
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Back: The subject, predicate, and object.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722187893332-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Cloze
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In RDF, a triple is a ({subject}, {predicate}, {object}) tuple.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722187893333-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Cloze
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A {subject} is to a semantic triple as a row number is to a relation record.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722187893334-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Cloze
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A {predicate} is to a semantic triple as an attribute is to a relation record.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722187893335-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Cloze
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An {object} is to a semantic triple as a value is to a relation record.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722187893337-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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Consider converting the following table to a triple. What is the subject?
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![[triple-table-repr.png]]
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Back: Row 2
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722188525589-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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Consider converting the following table to a triple. What is the object?
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![[triple-table-repr.png]]
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Back: Hamlet
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722188525594-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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Consider converting the following table to a triple. What is the predicate?
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![[triple-table-repr.png]]
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Back: Title
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722188525598-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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RDF identifiers use what encoding?
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Back: URIs.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1722191359882-->
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END%%
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## Reification
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**Reification** refers to the process by which an abstract idea is made concrete. In the context of RDF, it refers to writing RDF statements about RDF statements.
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What is reification?
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Back: The process by which an abstract idea is made concrete.
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Reference: “Reification (Knowledge Representation),” in _Wikipedia_, October 3, 2023, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reification_(knowledge_representation)](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reification_(knowledge_representation)&oldid=1178437461).
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<!--ID: 1734385502410-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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In the context of RDF, what does reification typically refer to?
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Back: Creating RDF statements about RDF statements.
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Reference: “Reification (Knowledge Representation),” in _Wikipedia_, October 3, 2023, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reification_(knowledge_representation)](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reification_(knowledge_representation)&oldid=1178437461).
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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In the context of RDF, what abstract notion is typically reified?
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Back: RDF statements.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1734385502422-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What term describes making an abstract concept concrete?
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Back: Reification.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1734385502427-->
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END%%
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This kind of metadata about statements often take the forms of:
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* **Provenance**. Information about the source of a statement.
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* **Likelihood**. Information quantifying some probability regarding the statement.
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* **Context**. Information about a setting in which a statement holds.
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* **Time frame**. Information that holds within a particular period of time.
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What might reifying a statement with respect to its provenance refer to?
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Back: Information about the source of the statement.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1734385502431-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What "form" of reification does the following sentence take on? $$\text{Wikipedia says Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.}$$
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Back: Provenance.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1734385502435-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What might reifying a statement with respect to its likelihood refer to?
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Back: Information quantifying some probability of the statement holding.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1734385502439-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What "form" of reification does the following sentence take on? $$\text{It is 90\% probable that Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.}$$
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Back: Likelihood.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1734385502443-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What might reifying a statement with respect to its context refer to?
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Back: Information about a setting in which the statement holds.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What "form" of reification does the following sentence take on? $$\text{Kenneth Branagh played Hamlet in the movie.}$$
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Back: Context.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1734385502453-->
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What might reifying a statement with respect to its time frame refer to?
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Back: Information about a period of time in which the statement holds.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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END%%
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%%ANKI
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Basic
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What "form" of reification does the following sentence take on? $$\text{Hamlet plays on Broadway Jan. 11th through Mar. 12th.}$$
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Back: Time frame.
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Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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<!--ID: 1734385502463-->
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END%%
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## Bibliography
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* Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
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* “Reification (Knowledge Representation),” in _Wikipedia_, October 3, 2023, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reification_(knowledge_representation)](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reification_(knowledge_representation)&oldid=1178437461). |