notebook/notes/data-models/rdf/sparql.md

title	TARGET DECK	FILE TAGS	tags
SPARQL	Obsidian::STEM	data_model::rdf::sparql	rdf sparql

Overview

SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language) is the standard way to access RDF data using a query language. Query patterns are represented in a variant of Turtle, the most ubiquitous language used to express RDF itself.

A server for the SPARQL protocol is called a SPARQL endpoint. It accepts SPARQL queries and returns results, according to the details of the protocol.

%%ANKI Basic SPARQL syntax most closely resembles which RDF serialization format? Back: Turtle. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic What is the standard means of querying an RDF store? Back: SPARQL. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic What is SPARQL an acronym for? Back: SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Cloze {1:SPARQL} is to {2:RDF} as {2:SQL} is to {1:RDBMS}. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic The following snippet is an example of what language?

SELECT ?movie WHERE {:JamesDean :playedIn ?movie}

Back: SPARQL Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic What do the :s indicate in the following query?

SELECT ?movie WHERE {:JamesDean :playedIn ?movie}

Back: The default namespace. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic How are namespaces introduced in a SPARQL query? Back: With the : character. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic What do the ?s indicate in the following query?

SELECT ?movie WHERE {:JamesDean :playedIn ?movie}

Back: Variables to be matched against. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic How are variables introduced in a SPARQL query? Back: With the ? character. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic What do the curly braces ({}) indicate in the following query?

SELECT ?movie WHERE {:JamesDean :playedIn ?movie}

Back: A graph pattern. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic How are graph patterns introduced in a SPARQL query? Back: With the { and } characters. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic In SPARQL, what is a graph pattern? Back: A graph with wildcards, used to match against a data graph. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Cloze A {server for the SPARQL protocol} is called a {SPARQL endpoint}. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic What is a SPARQL endpoint? Back: A server that can respond to SPARQL queries. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic What does Allemang et al. describe as the most web-friendly way to provide access to RDF data? Back: Exposing a SPARQL endpoint to the data. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic A SPARQL query result can come in how many different formats? Back: Three. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic What formats can a SPARQL query result come in? Back: A boolean, a table, or a graph. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Cloze The {ASK} keyword yields a SPARQL query result in a {boolean} format. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Cloze The {SELECT} keyword yields a SPARQL query result in a {table} format. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Cloze The {CONSTRUCT} keyword yields a SPARQL query result in a {graph} format. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic Which SPARQL keyword empowers SPARQL as a rules language? Back: CONSTRUCT Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic Which SPARQL keyword is used to introduce transform triples into new ones? Back: CONSTRUCT Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic What is the following query expected to return?

SELECT ?a
 WHERE { ?a :hasParent :Joe . }

Back: Joe's immediate children. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic What is the following query expected to return?

SELECT ?a
 WHERE { ?a :hasParent* :Joe . }

Back: Joe and his descendants. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

%%ANKI Basic What is the following query expected to return?

SELECT ?a
 WHERE { ?a :hasParent+ :Joe . }

Back: Joe's descendants. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

END%%

Bibliography

• Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.