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title TARGET DECK FILE TAGS tags
RDF Schema Obsidian::STEM data_model::rdf::schema
rdf

Overview

The simplest extension to RDF that allows a modeler to manage inference is RDF Schema (RDFS).

%%ANKI Basic What is considered the simplest extension to RDF that enables inference? Back: RDFS. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

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%%ANKI Basic What is RDFS an acronym for? Back: Resource Description Framework Schema. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

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Classes

All things described by RDF are called resources. Resources may be divided into groups called classes. Classes are themselves resources. The rdf:type property may be used to state that a resource is an instance of a class. Associated with a class is a set, called the class extension of the class, which is the set of the instances of the class. A class may be a member of its own class extension.

The group of resources that are RDFS classes is itself a class called rdfs:Class. The rdfs:Resource class is the class of everything.

If a class C is a subclass of a class C', then all instances of C will also be instances of C'. The rdfs:subClassOf property may be used to state that one class is a subclass of another.

%%ANKI Basic What is a resource? Back: Anything described by RDF. Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Cloze {Resources} may be divided into groups called {classes}. Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Basic Is every resource a class? Back: No. Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Basic Is every class a resource? Back: Yes. Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Cloze The {rdf:type} property states {a resource is an instance of a class}. Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Cloze The {rdfs:subClassOf} property states {a class is a subclass of another}. Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Basic Which property describes "?A is an instance of ?B"? Back: rdf:type Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Basic Which property describes "?A's class extension is a subset of ?B's"? Back: rdfs:subClassOf Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Basic What is the class extension of a class? Back: The collection of instances of the class. Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Basic Which class is the class of everything? Back: rdfs:Resource Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Basic What does the rdfs:Resource class describe? Back: Any RDF resource. Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Basic What is the class extension of rdfs:Resource? Back: Every resource. Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Cloze The meaning of the {rdfs:subClassOf} property is given by the {type propagation} rule. Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Basic Which two properties make up the type propagation rule? Back: rdf:type and rdfs:subClassOf. Reference: “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.

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%%ANKI Cloze The type propagation rule states:

  • if {?A rdfs:subClassOf ?B}
  • and {?x rdf:type ?A}
  • then {?x rdf:type ?B}. Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

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%%ANKI Basic How is the type propagation rule stated in SPARQL? Back:

CONSTRUCT { ?x rdf:type ?B }
    WHERE { ?A rdf:subClassOf ?B. ?x rdf:type ?A }

Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.

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Bibliography

  • Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020.
  • “RDF 1.2 Schema,” accessed January 11, 2025, https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-schema/#ch_class.