notebook/notes/ontology/dialetheism.md

---
title: Dialetheism
TARGET DECK: Obsidian::H&SS
FILE TAGS: ontology::dialetheism
tags:
  - dialetheism
  - ontology
---

## Overview

A **dialetheia** is a sentence $A$ such that both it and its negation ($\neg A$) are true. **Dialetheism** is the view that there are dialetheias. In other words, dialetheism admits the existence of true contradictions.

%%ANKI
Cloze
A {dialetheia} is a {sentence such that both it and its negation are true}.
Reference: Graham Priest, Francesco Berto, and Zach Weber, “Dialetheism,” in _The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy_, ed. Edward N. Zalta and Uri Nodelman, Summer 2024 (Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, 2024), [https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2024/entries/dialetheism/](https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2024/entries/dialetheism/).
<!--ID: 1721354092768-->
END%%

%%ANKI
Cloze
{Dialetheism} is the view that {dialetheia} exist.
Reference: Graham Priest, Francesco Berto, and Zach Weber, “Dialetheism,” in _The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy_, ed. Edward N. Zalta and Uri Nodelman, Summer 2024 (Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, 2024), [https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2024/entries/dialetheism/](https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2024/entries/dialetheism/).
<!--ID: 1721354092775-->
END%%

%%ANKI
Basic
What name is given to the so-called "standard logic" of mathematics?
Back: Classical logic.
Reference: Graham Priest, Koji Tanaka, and Zach Weber, “Paraconsistent Logic,” in _The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy_, ed. Edward N. Zalta, Spring 2022 (Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, 2022), [https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2022/entries/logic-paraconsistent/](https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2022/entries/logic-paraconsistent/).
<!--ID: 1721380604985-->
END%%

%%ANKI
Basic
What principle is excluded in paraconsistent logics?
Back: The principle of explosion.
Reference: Graham Priest, Koji Tanaka, and Zach Weber, “Paraconsistent Logic,” in _The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy_, ed. Edward N. Zalta, Spring 2022 (Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, 2022), [https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2022/entries/logic-paraconsistent/](https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2022/entries/logic-paraconsistent/).
<!--ID: 1721380604997-->
END%%

%%ANKI
Basic
Dialetheism is intimately connected to what type of logical systems?
Back: Paraconsistent logical systems.
Reference: Graham Priest, Koji Tanaka, and Zach Weber, “Paraconsistent Logic,” in _The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy_, ed. Edward N. Zalta, Spring 2022 (Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, 2022), [https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2022/entries/logic-paraconsistent/](https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2022/entries/logic-paraconsistent/).
<!--ID: 1721380605000-->
END%%

## Bibliography

* Graham Priest, Francesco Berto, and Zach Weber, “Dialetheism,” in _The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy_, ed. Edward N. Zalta and Uri Nodelman, Summer 2024 (Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, 2024), [https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2024/entries/dialetheism/](https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2024/entries/dialetheism/).
* Graham Priest, Koji Tanaka, and Zach Weber, “Paraconsistent Logic,” in _The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy_, ed. Edward N. Zalta, Spring 2022 (Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, 2022), [https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2022/entries/logic-paraconsistent/](https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2022/entries/logic-paraconsistent/).
* Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013).