diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore index a1c7493..aec6e52 100644 --- a/.gitignore +++ b/.gitignore @@ -1,3 +1,4 @@ +.DS_Store .direnv result notes/.obsidian.mobile diff --git a/notes/.obsidian/plugins/obsidian-to-anki-plugin/data.json b/notes/.obsidian/plugins/obsidian-to-anki-plugin/data.json index e7bed76..7ff9938 100644 --- a/notes/.obsidian/plugins/obsidian-to-anki-plugin/data.json +++ b/notes/.obsidian/plugins/obsidian-to-anki-plugin/data.json @@ -144,7 +144,10 @@ "function-general.png", "church-rosser.png", "infinite-cartesian-product.png", - "function-kernel.png" + "function-kernel.png", + "triple-table.png", + "table-triple.png", + "triple-table-repr.png" ], "File Hashes": { "algorithms/index.md": "3ac071354e55242919cc574eb43de6f8", @@ -599,7 +602,7 @@ "_journal/2024-07/2024-07-12.md": "6603ed8a3f9a9e87bf40e81b03e96356", "hashing/static.md": "3ec6eaee73fb9b599700f5a56b300b83", "hashing/addressing.md": "e97c1905cdf5787d94c857fb5f22be8a", - "ontology/index.md": "15e97e3e8068660314499fb4d1bdd53e", + "ontology/index.md": "0994403dcd84415f1459752129b55f65", "ontology/permissivism.md": "643e815a79bc5c050cde9f996aa44ef5", "ontology/properties.md": "91ece501551c444afcd119d7197958ef", "_journal/2024-07-14.md": "9a74d2dd0f44db58e14f57c8908c3342", @@ -649,6 +652,12 @@ "_journal/2024-07/2024-07-26.md": "c167f734a5037e1a5537b1e95ca6790f", "_journal/2024-07-28.md": "2aafb514903eca2b842487c573c1753a", "_journal/2024-07/2024-07-27.md": "7c48690746d8320494e29e92390eb6ee" + "ontology/rdf/index.md": "b9951dcc7a50d38e3238cb8c8dc1da07", + "ontology/philosophy/permissivism.md": "643e815a79bc5c050cde9f996aa44ef5", + "ontology/philosophy/nominalism.md": "46245c644238157e15c7cb6def27d90a", + "ontology/philosophy/index.md": "09c1caab6733a4f13ae35f6898581653", + "ontology/philosophy/dialetheism.md": "56dd05b38519f90c5cab93637978b3b3", + "ontology/rdf/uri.md": "becfaeb0aeadca9eec4f19f7f8e907b8" }, "fields_dict": { "Basic": [ @@ -695,4 +704,4 @@ "Reference" ] } -} \ No newline at end of file +} diff --git a/notes/ontology/index.md b/notes/ontology/index.md index b8f633f..2d13cf3 100644 --- a/notes/ontology/index.md +++ b/notes/ontology/index.md @@ -1,123 +1,3 @@ --- title: Ontology -TARGET DECK: Obsidian::H&SS -FILE TAGS: ontology -tags: - - ontology --- - -## Overview - -Ontology is the philosophical study of being. Generally *things* are split into two broad categories: **abstract** and **concrete** things. These words are "terms of art" and their definition is not standardized in any way. - -%%ANKI -Basic -What did Quine declare as *the* ontological question? -Back: "What is there?" -Reference: Simon Hewitt, “A Cardinal Worry for Permissive Metaontology,” _Metaphysica_ 16, no. 2 (September 18, 2015): 159–65, [https://doi.org/10.1515/mp-2015-0009](https://doi.org/10.1515/mp-2015-0009). - -END%% - -%%ANKI -Basic -Who is attributed *the* ontological question? -Back: Willard Van Orman Quine. -Reference: Simon Hewitt, “A Cardinal Worry for Permissive Metaontology,” _Metaphysica_ 16, no. 2 (September 18, 2015): 159–65, [https://doi.org/10.1515/mp-2015-0009](https://doi.org/10.1515/mp-2015-0009). - -END%% - -%%ANKI -Cloze -{Ontology} is the {philosophical study of being}. -Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). - -END%% - -%%ANKI -Cloze -{Epistemology} is the {philosophical study of knowledge}. -Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). - -END%% - -%%ANKI -Cloze -{Taxonomy} is the {branch of science concerned with categorization}. -Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). - -END%% - -%%ANKI -Cloze -{Mereology} is the {philosophical study of part-whole relationships}. -Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). - -END%% - -%%ANKI -Basic -What does Effingham mean when saying "concreta" and "abstracta" are terms of art? -Back: They are terms defined freely by a person to mean whatever one wants. -Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). - -END%% - -%%ANKI -Cloze -In general, ontologists often categorize things as either {concreta} or {abstracta}. -Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). - -END%% - -%%ANKI -Basic -Generally speaking, what does someone *probably* mean by "concrete" things? -Back: Things that exists in space and/or time. -Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). - -END%% - -%%ANKI -Basic -Generally speaking, what does someone *probably* mean by "abstract" things? -Back: Things that exist in neither space nor time. -Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). - -END%% - -%%ANKI -Basic -Is a material object considered concreta? -Back: Usually. -Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). - -END%% - -%%ANKI -Basic -Is an immaterial object considered concreta? -Back: Possibly. -Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). - -END%% - -%%ANKI -Basic -Is a material object considered abstracta? -Back: Not usually. -Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). - -END%% - -%%ANKI -Basic -Is an immaterial object considered abstracta? -Back: Possibly. -Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). - -END%% - -## Bibliography - -* Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). -* Simon Hewitt, “A Cardinal Worry for Permissive Metaontology,” _Metaphysica_ 16, no. 2 (September 18, 2015): 159–65, [https://doi.org/10.1515/mp-2015-0009](https://doi.org/10.1515/mp-2015-0009). \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/notes/ontology/dialetheism.md b/notes/ontology/philosophy/dialetheism.md similarity index 100% rename from notes/ontology/dialetheism.md rename to notes/ontology/philosophy/dialetheism.md diff --git a/notes/ontology/properties.md b/notes/ontology/philosophy/index.md similarity index 51% rename from notes/ontology/properties.md rename to notes/ontology/philosophy/index.md index a730d75..de354ca 100644 --- a/notes/ontology/properties.md +++ b/notes/ontology/philosophy/index.md @@ -1,14 +1,124 @@ --- -title: Properties +title: Ontology TARGET DECK: Obsidian::H&SS -FILE TAGS: ontology::property +FILE TAGS: ontology::philosophy tags: - ontology - - property --- ## Overview +Ontology is the philosophical study of being. Generally *things* are split into two broad categories: **abstract** and **concrete** things. These words are "terms of art" and their definition is not standardized in any way. + +%%ANKI +Basic +What did Quine declare as *the* ontological question? +Back: "What is there?" +Reference: Simon Hewitt, “A Cardinal Worry for Permissive Metaontology,” _Metaphysica_ 16, no. 2 (September 18, 2015): 159–65, [https://doi.org/10.1515/mp-2015-0009](https://doi.org/10.1515/mp-2015-0009). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Who is attributed *the* ontological question? +Back: Willard Van Orman Quine. +Reference: Simon Hewitt, “A Cardinal Worry for Permissive Metaontology,” _Metaphysica_ 16, no. 2 (September 18, 2015): 159–65, [https://doi.org/10.1515/mp-2015-0009](https://doi.org/10.1515/mp-2015-0009). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Cloze +{Ontology} is the {philosophical study of being}. +Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Cloze +{Epistemology} is the {philosophical study of knowledge}. +Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Cloze +{Taxonomy} is the {branch of science concerned with categorization}. +Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Cloze +{Mereology} is the {philosophical study of part-whole relationships}. +Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +What does Effingham mean when saying "concreta" and "abstracta" are terms of art? +Back: They are terms defined freely by a person to mean whatever one wants. +Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Cloze +In general, ontologists often categorize things as either {concreta} or {abstracta}. +Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Generally speaking, what does someone *probably* mean by "concrete" things? +Back: Things that exists in space and/or time. +Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Generally speaking, what does someone *probably* mean by "abstract" things? +Back: Things that exist in neither space nor time. +Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Is a material object considered concreta? +Back: Usually. +Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Is an immaterial object considered concreta? +Back: Possibly. +Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Is a material object considered abstracta? +Back: Not usually. +Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Is an immaterial object considered abstracta? +Back: Possibly. +Reference: Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). + +END%% + +## Properties + A **property** is an entity that can be predicated of things or, in other words, attributed to them. %%ANKI @@ -19,7 +129,7 @@ Reference: Francesco Orilia and Michele Paolini Paoletti, “Properties,” in _ END%% -## Instantiation +### Instantiation An entity is said to **instantiate** a property if said entity bears a connection to the property. For example, a human instantiates the property of *being human* and a man instantiates the properties of *being human* and *being a man*. @@ -97,4 +207,5 @@ END%% ## Bibliography * Francesco Orilia and Michele Paolini Paoletti, “Properties,” in _The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy_, ed. Edward N. Zalta, Spring 2022 (Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, 2022), [https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2022/entries/properties/](https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2022/entries/properties/). -* Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). \ No newline at end of file +* Nikk Effingham, _An Introduction to Ontology_ (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2013). +* Simon Hewitt, “A Cardinal Worry for Permissive Metaontology,” _Metaphysica_ 16, no. 2 (September 18, 2015): 159–65, [https://doi.org/10.1515/mp-2015-0009](https://doi.org/10.1515/mp-2015-0009). \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/notes/ontology/nominalism.md b/notes/ontology/philosophy/nominalism.md similarity index 100% rename from notes/ontology/nominalism.md rename to notes/ontology/philosophy/nominalism.md diff --git a/notes/ontology/permissivism.md b/notes/ontology/philosophy/permissivism.md similarity index 100% rename from notes/ontology/permissivism.md rename to notes/ontology/philosophy/permissivism.md diff --git a/notes/ontology/rdf/images/triple-table-repr.png b/notes/ontology/rdf/images/triple-table-repr.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2b81aad Binary files /dev/null and b/notes/ontology/rdf/images/triple-table-repr.png differ diff --git a/notes/ontology/rdf/index.md b/notes/ontology/rdf/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dd48c9e --- /dev/null +++ b/notes/ontology/rdf/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ +--- +title: RDF +TARGET DECK: Obsidian::STEM +FILE TAGS: ontology::rdf +tags: + - ontology + - rdf +--- + +## Overview + +The **Resource Description Framework** (RDF) is the foundational representation language of the Semantic Web. The basic building block of RDF is the **triple** containing a **subject**, **predicate**, and **object**. Global identifiers of resources are represented as [[uri|URIs]] (or, more generally, IRIs). These URIs can be expressed more compactly as [[uri#CURIEs|CURIEs]]. + +%%ANKI +Basic +What is RDF an acronym for? +Back: **R**esource **D**escription **F**ramework. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +What is considered the basic representation language of the Semantic Web? +Back: RDF. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Cloze +With respect to RDF, a {resource} is {anything representable on the web}. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +What aggregate concept is considered the basic building block of RDF? +Back: The triple. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +What three components make up an RDF triple? +Back: The subject, predicate, and verb. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Cloze +In RDF, a triple is a ({subject}, {predicate}, {object}) tuple. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Cloze +A {subject} is to RDF as a recordt is to a relation. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Cloze +A {predicate} is to RDF as an attribute is to a relation. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Cloze +An {object} is to RDF as a value is to a relation. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Consider converting the following table to a triple. What is the subject? +![[triple-table-repr.png]] +Back: Row 2 +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Consider converting the following table to a triple. What is the object? +![[triple-table-repr.png]] +Back: Hamlet +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Consider converting the following table to a triple. What is the predicate? +![[triple-table-repr.png]] +Back: Title +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +RDF identifiers are represented using what? +Back: URIs. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +## Bibliography + +* Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/notes/ontology/rdf/uri.md b/notes/ontology/rdf/uri.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..46ea47f --- /dev/null +++ b/notes/ontology/rdf/uri.md @@ -0,0 +1,239 @@ +--- +title: Uniform Resource Identifiers +TARGET DECK: Obsidian::STEM +FILE TAGS: uri +tags: + - rdf + - uri +--- + +## Overview + +A **uniform resource identifier** (URI) is a unique sequence of characters for identifying some physical or abstract resource. URIs are further generalized to **internationalized resource identifier**s (IRIs) which allow using characters from any language, provided there exists a standard web encoding of the characters. + +%%ANKI +Basic +What is URI an acronym for? +Back: **U**niform **r**esource **i**dentifier. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +*Why* is a URI named the way it is? +Back: It is a globally unique identifier for some resource. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +What is IRI an acronym for? +Back: **I**nternationalized **r**esource **i**dentifier. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +In what way does an IRI generalize URIs? +Back: It allows any characters with standard web encodings to be used in the identifier. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Which of URIs or IRIs are more general? +Back: IRIs. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +### URLs + +A **uniform resource locator** (URL) is a URI that specifies the means of finding the represented resource. The most commonly used schemes are `http` and `https`. + +%%ANKI +Basic +What is URL an acronym for? +Back: **U**niform **r**esource **l**ocator. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +*Why* is a URL named the way it is? +Back: Its structure specifies how to find the corresponding resource. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +How do you find the resource represented by a URI? +Back: N/A. This isn't generally possible. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +In what way does a URI generalize URLs? +Back: A URI does not necessarily specify how to find the represented resource. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Which of URIs or URLs are more general? +Back: URIs. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Which of IRIs or URLs are more general? +Back: IRIs. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +What scheme are URLs required to use? +Back: N/A. There exist many possible schemes. +Reference: “Uniform Resource Locator.” In _Wikipedia_, June 20, 2024. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=URL](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=URL&oldid=1230124093). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +What are the two most commonly used URL schemes? +Back: `http` and `https`. +Reference: “Uniform Resource Locator.” In _Wikipedia_, June 20, 2024. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=URL](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=URL&oldid=1230124093). + +END%% + +### URNs + +A **uniform resource name** (URN) is a URI that uses the `urn` scheme. It is intended to uniquely identify a resource, even when the resource no longer exists. + +%%ANKI +Basic +What is URN an acronym for? +Back: **U**niform **r**esource **n**ame. +Reference: “Uniform Resource Identifier.” In _Wikipedia_, July 22, 2024. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier&oldid=1235957234). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +*Why* is a URN named the way it is? +Back: It is used to uniquely identify some resource. +Reference: “Uniform Resource Identifier.” In _Wikipedia_, July 22, 2024. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier&oldid=1235957234). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Which of URLs or URNs are more general? +Back: N/A. +Reference: “Uniform Resource Identifier.” In _Wikipedia_, July 22, 2024. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier&oldid=1235957234). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Which of URNs or URIs are more general? +Back: URIs. +Reference: “Uniform Resource Identifier.” In _Wikipedia_, July 22, 2024. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier&oldid=1235957234). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +*Why* aren't URLs a subset of URNs? +Back: What a URL represents may change over time. +Reference: “Uniform Resource Identifier.” In _Wikipedia_, July 22, 2024. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier&oldid=1235957234). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +*Why* aren't URNs a subset of URLs? +Back: Their structure may not necessarily indicate how to find the resource. +Reference: “Uniform Resource Identifier.” In _Wikipedia_, July 22, 2024. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier&oldid=1235957234). + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +What scheme are URNs required to use? +Back: `urn` +Reference: “Uniform Resource Name.” In _Wikipedia_, April 26, 2024. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Name](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Name&oldid=1220954593). + +END%% + +## CURIEs + +A **compact URI** (CURIE) is a denser representation of URIs. In its simplest form, it consists of a namespace and identifier separated by a colon. For example, `geo:England`. + +%%ANKI +Basic +URIs in RDF are usually represented in what condensed format? +Back: CURIE. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +What is CURIE an acronym for? +Back: **C**ompact **URI**&. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Consider CURIE `geo:England`. What is `geo` an example of? +Back: A namespace. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +Consider CURIE `geo:England`. What is `England` an example of? +Back: An identifier. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +In its simplest form, a CURIE is made up of what two parts? +Back: A namespace and an identifier. +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +%%ANKI +Basic +The namespace and identifier of a CURIE is usually separated by what? +Back: A colon (`:`). +Reference: Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. + +END%% + +## Bibliography + +* Allemang, Dean, James A. Hendler, and Fabien L. Gandon. _Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist_. 3e ed. ACM Books 33. New York: Association for computing machinery, 2020. +* “Uniform Resource Identifier.” In _Wikipedia_, July 22, 2024. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Identifier&oldid=1235957234). +* “Uniform Resource Locator.” In _Wikipedia_, June 20, 2024. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=URL](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=URL&oldid=1230124093). +* “Uniform Resource Name.” In _Wikipedia_, April 26, 2024. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Name](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uniform_Resource_Name&oldid=1220954593). \ No newline at end of file