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Copenhagen notes.

c-declarations
Joshua Potter 2024-05-09 14:29:12 -06:00
parent 464512dc38
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"fields_dict": {
"Basic": [

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---
title: "2024-05-09"
---
- [x] Anki Flashcards
- [x] KoL
- [ ] Sheet Music (10 min.)
- [ ] Go (1 Life & Death Problem)
- [ ] Korean (Read 1 Story)
* Back from Copenhagen trip.
* Accepted job with Pranav so can drop the work and interview prep TODOs.
* Databases
* Watched [Lecture #08](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9QPr8Ufzt5M8&list=PLSE8ODhjZXjaKScG3l0nuOiDTTqpfnWFf&index=8) on tree indices.
* Read chapter 14.1-14.4 of "Database Concepts".

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title: "2024-05-03"
---
- [x] Anki Flashcards
- [x] KoL
- [ ] Sheet Music (10 min.)
- [ ] Go (1 Life & Death Problem)
- [ ] Korean (Read 1 Story)
- [ ] Interview Prep (1 Practice Problem)
- [ ] Log Work Hours (Max 3 hours)

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---
title: "2024-05-04"
---
- [x] Anki Flashcards
- [x] KoL
- [ ] Sheet Music (10 min.)
- [ ] Go (1 Life & Death Problem)
- [ ] Korean (Read 1 Story)
- [ ] Interview Prep (1 Practice Problem)
- [ ] Log Work Hours (Max 3 hours)

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title: "2024-05-06"
---
- [x] Anki Flashcards
- [x] KoL
- [ ] Sheet Music (10 min.)
- [ ] Go (1 Life & Death Problem)
- [ ] Korean (Read 1 Story)
- [ ] Interview Prep (1 Practice Problem)
- [ ] Log Work Hours (Max 3 hours)

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---
title: "2024-05-07"
---
- [x] Anki Flashcards
- [x] KoL
- [ ] Sheet Music (10 min.)
- [ ] Go (1 Life & Death Problem)
- [ ] Korean (Read 1 Story)
- [ ] Interview Prep (1 Practice Problem)
- [ ] Log Work Hours (Max 3 hours)

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---
title: "2024-05-09"
---
- [x] Anki Flashcards
- [x] KoL
- [ ] Sheet Music (10 min.)
- [ ] Go (1 Life & Death Problem)
- [ ] Korean (Read 1 Story)
- [ ] Interview Prep (1 Practice Problem)
- [ ] Log Work Hours (Max 3 hours)

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- [ ] KoL
- [ ] Sheet Music (10 min.)
- [ ] Go (1 Life & Death Problem)
- [ ] Korean (Read 1 Story)
- [ ] Interview Prep (1 Practice Problem)
- [ ] Log Work Hours (Max 3 hours)
- [ ] Korean (Read 1 Story)

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@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
An {1:ADT} is to an {2:ISA} as a {2:data structure} is to a {1:uarch}.
An {1:ADT} is to a {2:data structure} as an {2:ISA} is to a {1:uarch}.
Reference: “Abstract Data Type.” In _Wikipedia_, March 18, 2024. [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abstract_data_type&oldid=1214359576](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abstract_data_type&oldid=1214359576).
<!--ID: 1714669011572-->
END%%

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@ -509,21 +509,13 @@ END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
Using the characteristic root technique, what determines the form of the closed solution?
Using the quadratic characteristic root technique, what distinguishes the form of the closed solution?
Back: The number of distinct roots of the characteristic polynomial.
Reference: Oscar Levin, *Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction*, 3rd ed., n.d., [https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf](https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf).
Tags: algebra::polynomial
<!--ID: 1714487050079-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
Using the characteristic root technique, what determines the form of the closed solution?
Back: The number of distinct roots of the characteristic polynomial.
Reference: Oscar Levin, *Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction*, 3rd ed., n.d., [https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf](https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf).
Tags: algebra::polynomial
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
Suppose the characteristic polynomial of $a_n = \alpha a_{n-1} + \beta a_{n-2}$ has distinct roots $r_1$ and $r_2$. What is its solution?
@ -544,7 +536,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
If $a_n = \alpha a_{n-1} + \beta a_{n-2}$ has solution $a_n = ar^n + bnr^n$, how many roots does its characteristic polynomial have?
How many distinct roots does the characteristic polynomial of the following have? $$a_n = \alpha a_{n-1} + \beta a_{n-2} = ar^n + bnr^n$$
Back: One.
Reference: Oscar Levin, *Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction*, 3rd ed., n.d., [https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf](https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf).
Tags: algebra::polynomial
@ -553,7 +545,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
If $a_n = \alpha a_{n-1} + \beta a_{n-2}$ has solution $a_n = ar_1^n + br_2^n$, how many roots does its characteristic polynomial have?
How many distinct roots does the characteristic polynomial of the following have? $$a_n = \alpha a_{n-1} + \beta a_{n-2} = ar_1^n + br_2^n$$
Back: Two.
Reference: Oscar Levin, *Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction*, 3rd ed., n.d., [https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf](https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf).
Tags: algebra::polynomial

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@ -168,16 +168,24 @@ We prove $P$ maintains the requisite properties:
%%ANKI
Basic
Given array `A[0:n-1]`, what two properties make up `HEAPSORT`'s loop invariant?
Back: `A[0:i-1]` is a max-heap of the `i` smallest elements. `A[i+1:n]` contains the `n - i` largest elements sorted.
What loop invariant does `HEAPSORT` maintain on `A[0:i-1]`?
Back: `A[0:i-1]` is a max-heap of the `i` smallest elements.
Reference: Thomas H. Cormen et al., Introduction to Algorithms, Fourth edition (Cambridge, Massachusett: The MIT Press, 2022).
<!--ID: 1714410566843-->
<!--ID: 1714840899537-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What loop invariant does `HEAPSORT` maintain on `A[i:n-1]`?
Back: `A[i:n-1]` contains the `n - i` largest elements sorted.
Reference: Thomas H. Cormen et al., Introduction to Algorithms, Fourth edition (Cambridge, Massachusett: The MIT Press, 2022).
<!--ID: 1714840899581-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What is initialization of `HEAPSORT`'s loop invariant?
Back: `A` is a max-heap.
Back: The input array is a max-heap.
Reference: Thomas H. Cormen et al., Introduction to Algorithms, Fourth edition (Cambridge, Massachusett: The MIT Press, 2022).
<!--ID: 1714410566845-->
END%%
@ -185,7 +193,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What is maintenance of `HEAPSORT`'s loop invariant?
Back: Each iteration puts the next largest element in sorted order and then heapifies the remaining elements again.
Back: Swap the root with the last position of the heap. Heapify the new root.
Reference: Thomas H. Cormen et al., Introduction to Algorithms, Fourth edition (Cambridge, Massachusett: The MIT Press, 2022).
<!--ID: 1714410566846-->
END%%

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notes/c17/declarations.md
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@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ Given `short sx`, why is the following not an identity?
```c
(unsigned) sx = (unsigned) (unsigned short) sx
```
Back: `(unsigned) sx` is equivalent to casting size before "signedness".
Back: `(unsigned) sx` casts size before "signedness".
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1714677608767-->
END%%

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@ -87,42 +87,6 @@ Reference: Scott Chacon, *Pro Git*, Second edition, The Expert’s Voice in Soft
<!--ID: 1714478450660-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
You can convert an untracked file to a tracked file with what status?
Back: Staged.
Reference: Scott Chacon, *Pro Git*, Second edition, The Expert’s Voice in Software Development (New York, NY: Apress, 2014).
<!--ID: 1714478450664-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
An {1:unmodified} tracked file becomes a {2:modified} tracked file after {2:editing} the file.
Reference: Scott Chacon, *Pro Git*, Second edition, The Expert’s Voice in Software Development (New York, NY: Apress, 2014).
<!--ID: 1714478450668-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
A {1:modified} tracked file becomes a {2:staged} tracked file after {2:staging} the file.
Reference: Scott Chacon, *Pro Git*, Second edition, The Expert’s Voice in Software Development (New York, NY: Apress, 2014).
<!--ID: 1714478450673-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
A {1:staged} tracked file becomes an {2:unmodified} tracked file after {2:committing}.
Reference: Scott Chacon, *Pro Git*, Second edition, The Expert’s Voice in Software Development (New York, NY: Apress, 2014).
<!--ID: 1714478450678-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
An untracked file becomes a {1:staged} tracked file after {1:adding} the file.
Reference: Scott Chacon, *Pro Git*, Second edition, The Expert’s Voice in Software Development (New York, NY: Apress, 2014).
<!--ID: 1714478450683-->
END%%
## Bibliography
* Scott Chacon, *Pro Git*, Second edition, The Expert’s Voice in Software Development (New York, NY: Apress, 2014).

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@ -157,8 +157,8 @@ END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
How do you decode e.g. `.git/objects/d6/70460b4b4aece5915caf5c68d12f560a9fe3e4`?
Back: By decompressing the `zlib` data formatted file.
How is e.g. `.git/objects/d6/70460b4b4aece5915caf5c68d12f560a9fe3e4` encoded?
Back: As a `zlib` data formatted file.
Reference: Scott Chacon, *Pro Git*, Second edition, The Expert’s Voice in Software Development (New York, NY: Apress, 2014).
<!--ID: 1709345254705-->
END%%

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notes/programming/assertions.md
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@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What is the consequenct of $\{Q\}\; S\; \{R\}$ in English?
What is the consequent of $\{Q\}\; S\; \{R\}$ in English?
Back: $S$ terminates in a finite amount of time in a state satisfying $R$.
Reference: Gries, David. *The Science of Programming*. Texts and Monographs in Computer Science. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981.
<!--ID: 1714420640231-->

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@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
Let $(a_n)_{n \geq 0} = P(n)$ and $P(n) \Leftrightarrow n \geq 2$. How is $(a_n)$ written with terms expanded?
Back: $F$, $F$, $F$, $T$, $T$, $\ldots$
Back: $F$, $F$, $T$, $T$, $T$, $\ldots$
Reference: Oscar Levin, *Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction*, 3rd ed., n.d., [https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf](https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf).
<!--ID: 1714530152705-->
END%%
@ -73,14 +73,14 @@ END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
{Closed forms} are to recursive definitions as {direct} is to proofs.
{Closed formulas} are to recursive definitions as {direct proofs} are to proof strategies.
Reference: Oscar Levin, *Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction*, 3rd ed., n.d., [https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf](https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf).
<!--ID: 1714532476735-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
{Recurrence relations} are to recursive definitions as {induction} is to proofs.
{Recurrence relations} are to recursive definitions as {induction} is to proof strategies.
Reference: Oscar Levin, *Discrete Mathematics: An Open Introduction*, 3rd ed., n.d., [https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf](https://discrete.openmathbooks.org/pdfs/dmoi3-tablet.pdf).
<!--ID: 1714532476742-->
END%%