More SET instruction flashcards.

main
Joshua Potter 2024-08-12 06:44:58 -06:00
parent b4327a288c
commit 9101fa8a7a
13 changed files with 395 additions and 48 deletions

View File

@ -191,7 +191,12 @@
"b-tree-split-node.png", "b-tree-split-node.png",
"b-tree-initial.png", "b-tree-initial.png",
"b-tree-inserted-b.png", "b-tree-inserted-b.png",
"b-tree-inserted-q.png" "b-tree-inserted-q.png",
"church-rosser.png",
"normalized-form.png",
"denormalized-form.png",
"infinity.png",
"nan.png"
], ],
"File Hashes": { "File Hashes": {
"algorithms/index.md": "3ac071354e55242919cc574eb43de6f8", "algorithms/index.md": "3ac071354e55242919cc574eb43de6f8",
@ -306,7 +311,7 @@
"c17/strings.md": "2da50edd26eae35c81f70e65bbd12d49", "c17/strings.md": "2da50edd26eae35c81f70e65bbd12d49",
"c17/index.md": "78576ee41d0185df82c59999142f4edb", "c17/index.md": "78576ee41d0185df82c59999142f4edb",
"c17/escape-sequences.md": "a8b99070336878b4e8c11e9e4525a500", "c17/escape-sequences.md": "a8b99070336878b4e8c11e9e4525a500",
"c17/declarations.md": "eb289ab10ccb8b1a7981ceedbbdda2ad", "c17/declarations.md": "e5b4268270bcec35e6f2e4b727c5494e",
"algorithms/sorting/merge-sort.md": "6506483f7df6507cee0407bd205dbedd", "algorithms/sorting/merge-sort.md": "6506483f7df6507cee0407bd205dbedd",
"_journal/2024-02-24.md": "9bb319d5014caf962a9ce3141076cff4", "_journal/2024-02-24.md": "9bb319d5014caf962a9ce3141076cff4",
"_journal/2024-02/2024-02-23.md": "0aad297148e8cc4058b48b7e45787ca7", "_journal/2024-02/2024-02-23.md": "0aad297148e8cc4058b48b7e45787ca7",
@ -367,7 +372,7 @@
"_journal/2024-03/2024-03-15.md": "e54b2513beac5f46313b4c37622adf39", "_journal/2024-03/2024-03-15.md": "e54b2513beac5f46313b4c37622adf39",
"_journal/2024-03-17.md": "72e99c7630085aee2c7f340a06b5ada7", "_journal/2024-03-17.md": "72e99c7630085aee2c7f340a06b5ada7",
"_journal/2024-03/2024-03-16.md": "ab7629c24ebe70838072cf6acec47cb0", "_journal/2024-03/2024-03-16.md": "ab7629c24ebe70838072cf6acec47cb0",
"encoding/floating-point.md": "fcec4aaa249fe8fd90b14c3806cefbf5", "encoding/floating-point.md": "f9db6e21f1d86539642062626388265b",
"_journal/2024-03-18.md": "8479f07f63136a4e16c9cd07dbf2f27f", "_journal/2024-03-18.md": "8479f07f63136a4e16c9cd07dbf2f27f",
"_journal/2024-03/2024-03-17.md": "23f9672f5c93a6de52099b1b86834e8b", "_journal/2024-03/2024-03-17.md": "23f9672f5c93a6de52099b1b86834e8b",
"set/directed-graph.md": "b4b8ad1be634a0a808af125fe8577a53", "set/directed-graph.md": "b4b8ad1be634a0a808af125fe8577a53",
@ -557,14 +562,14 @@
"_journal/2024-06/2024-06-04.md": "52b28035b9c91c9b14cef1154c1a0fa1", "_journal/2024-06/2024-06-04.md": "52b28035b9c91c9b14cef1154c1a0fa1",
"_journal/2024-06-06.md": "3f9109925dea304e7172df39922cc95a", "_journal/2024-06-06.md": "3f9109925dea304e7172df39922cc95a",
"_journal/2024-06/2024-06-05.md": "b06a0fa567bd81e3b593f7e1838f9de1", "_journal/2024-06/2024-06-05.md": "b06a0fa567bd81e3b593f7e1838f9de1",
"set/relations.md": "4d7a00c8f68d5f72b4ab365b9b553f2c", "set/relations.md": "baf811b946bf2326d8343f126ffc6ef5",
"_journal/2024-06-07.md": "795be41cc3c9c0f27361696d237604a2", "_journal/2024-06-07.md": "795be41cc3c9c0f27361696d237604a2",
"_journal/2024-06/2024-06-06.md": "db3407dcc86fa759b061246ec9fbd381", "_journal/2024-06/2024-06-06.md": "db3407dcc86fa759b061246ec9fbd381",
"_journal/2024-06-08.md": "b20d39dab30b4e12559a831ab8d2f9b8", "_journal/2024-06-08.md": "b20d39dab30b4e12559a831ab8d2f9b8",
"_journal/2024-06/2024-06-07.md": "c6bfc4c1e5913d23ea7828a23340e7d3", "_journal/2024-06/2024-06-07.md": "c6bfc4c1e5913d23ea7828a23340e7d3",
"lambda-calculus/alpha-conversion.md": "4dc6cceec27ef88ab2b256c05fc5d91d", "lambda-calculus/alpha-conversion.md": "6df655e60976715e5c6fbbe72b628c6d",
"lambda-calculus/index.md": "76d58f85c135c7df00081f47df31168e", "lambda-calculus/index.md": "76d58f85c135c7df00081f47df31168e",
"x86-64/instructions/condition-codes.md": "1f59f0b81b2e15582b855d96d1d377da", "x86-64/instructions/condition-codes.md": "77eda8d73ab458bd5ae2e6e11582be74",
"x86-64/instructions/logical.md": "818428b9ef84753920dc61e5c2de9199", "x86-64/instructions/logical.md": "818428b9ef84753920dc61e5c2de9199",
"x86-64/instructions/arithmetic.md": "271218d855e7291f119f96e91f582738", "x86-64/instructions/arithmetic.md": "271218d855e7291f119f96e91f582738",
"x86-64/instructions/access.md": "c19bc3392cf493fcc9becf46c818cc50", "x86-64/instructions/access.md": "c19bc3392cf493fcc9becf46c818cc50",
@ -586,7 +591,7 @@
"set/functions.md": "02b0f1e2a585e918e14a8ccf29fd578d", "set/functions.md": "02b0f1e2a585e918e14a8ccf29fd578d",
"_journal/2024-06-15.md": "92cb8dc5c98e10832fb70c0e3ab3cec4", "_journal/2024-06-15.md": "92cb8dc5c98e10832fb70c0e3ab3cec4",
"_journal/2024-06/2024-06-14.md": "5d12bc272238ac985a1d35d3d63ea307", "_journal/2024-06/2024-06-14.md": "5d12bc272238ac985a1d35d3d63ea307",
"lambda-calculus/beta-reduction.md": "6c9a9f4983b0974e0184acaee7c27a22", "lambda-calculus/beta-reduction.md": "2074de1a5ab2171489239988a84b271f",
"_journal/2024-06-16.md": "ded6ab660ecc7c3dce3afd2e88e5a725", "_journal/2024-06-16.md": "ded6ab660ecc7c3dce3afd2e88e5a725",
"_journal/2024-06/2024-06-15.md": "c3a55549da9dfc2770bfcf403bf5b30b", "_journal/2024-06/2024-06-15.md": "c3a55549da9dfc2770bfcf403bf5b30b",
"_journal/2024-06-17.md": "63df6757bb3384e45093bf2b9456ffac", "_journal/2024-06-17.md": "63df6757bb3384e45093bf2b9456ffac",
@ -672,11 +677,11 @@
"logic/classical/index.md": "ee0a4b2bfcfa2cab0880db449cb62df1", "logic/classical/index.md": "ee0a4b2bfcfa2cab0880db449cb62df1",
"logic/classical/truth-tables.md": "b739e2824a4a5c26ac446e7c15ce02aa", "logic/classical/truth-tables.md": "b739e2824a4a5c26ac446e7c15ce02aa",
"formal-system/proof-system/index.md": "800e93b72a9852ea4823ab0a40854bba", "formal-system/proof-system/index.md": "800e93b72a9852ea4823ab0a40854bba",
"formal-system/proof-system/equiv-trans.md": "abd8fe3ca5b61f0bdec0870f230734af", "formal-system/proof-system/equiv-trans.md": "47afc3ffa0bb758d9629d9d4a401394e",
"formal-system/logical-system/index.md": "708bb1547e7343c236068c18da3f5dc0", "formal-system/logical-system/index.md": "708bb1547e7343c236068c18da3f5dc0",
"formal-system/logical-system/pred-logic.md": "34e872f4f920bf4e8c2cd00ee95b310f", "formal-system/logical-system/pred-logic.md": "34e872f4f920bf4e8c2cd00ee95b310f",
"formal-system/logical-system/prop-logic.md": "b61ce051795d5a951c763b928ec5cea8", "formal-system/logical-system/prop-logic.md": "b61ce051795d5a951c763b928ec5cea8",
"formal-system/index.md": "4c3d4de525e8e3254efd208341a300b1", "formal-system/index.md": "28b596a8ffa7dca05e8c0b890be43aec",
"programming/short-circuit.md": "c256ced42dc3b493aff5a356e5383b6e", "programming/short-circuit.md": "c256ced42dc3b493aff5a356e5383b6e",
"formal-system/abstract-rewriting.md": "8424314a627851c5b94be6163f64ba30", "formal-system/abstract-rewriting.md": "8424314a627851c5b94be6163f64ba30",
"_journal/2024-07-22.md": "d2ca7ce0bbeef76395fee33c9bf36e9d", "_journal/2024-07-22.md": "d2ca7ce0bbeef76395fee33c9bf36e9d",
@ -725,10 +730,13 @@
"_journal/2024-08/2024-08-07.md": "119c052f4109a3e098d825b771af89de", "_journal/2024-08/2024-08-07.md": "119c052f4109a3e098d825b771af89de",
"_journal/2024-08-09.md": "2ce3e0c468f51750d8ad86a19bcc3264", "_journal/2024-08-09.md": "2ce3e0c468f51750d8ad86a19bcc3264",
"_journal/2024-08/2024-08-08.md": "b8211a4c576ff594217e2e9cae9396c0", "_journal/2024-08/2024-08-08.md": "b8211a4c576ff594217e2e9cae9396c0",
"data-structures/b-tree.md": "5f5e6f483ce6beca9fb3a4cd96264e22", "data-structures/b-tree.md": "ccd4256aaef57e7c793ca72da6de5808",
"data-structures/binary-tree.md": "67b0b5b9688faa205983993fe507079a", "data-structures/binary-tree.md": "67b0b5b9688faa205983993fe507079a",
"_journal/2024-08-10.md": "9e4c7c2c0fd9e855d5cf6b5eff18b111", "_journal/2024-08-10.md": "08e7ea4a78c46645b93ec51e2372d04f",
"_journal/2024-08/2024-08-09.md": "2ce3e0c468f51750d8ad86a19bcc3264" "_journal/2024-08/2024-08-09.md": "2ce3e0c468f51750d8ad86a19bcc3264",
"_journal/2024-08-11.md": "acc91e07b43590e90846d2c936dcb3d5",
"_journal/2024-08/2024-08-10.md": "08e7ea4a78c46645b93ec51e2372d04f",
"_journal/2024-08-12.md": "dbce7846aa65606fe528e4cd51022a9f"
}, },
"fields_dict": { "fields_dict": {
"Basic": [ "Basic": [

View File

@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
---
title: "2024-08-12"
---
- [x] Anki Flashcards
- [x] KoL
- [ ] OGS
- [ ] Sheet Music (10 min.)
- [ ] Korean (Read 1 Story)
* Add more SET condition code checks.

View File

@ -9,4 +9,4 @@ title: "2024-08-10"
- [ ] Korean (Read 1 Story) - [ ] Korean (Read 1 Story)
* Read through Chapter 3 of "Modern C". * Read through Chapter 3 of "Modern C".
* Notes on B-tree insertions. * Notes on B-tree insertions and [[b-tree#B+ tree|B+ trees]]. Finish reading how B-tree deletions work.

View File

@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
---
title: "2024-08-11"
---
- [x] Anki Flashcards
- [x] KoL
- [ ] OGS
- [ ] Sheet Music (10 min.)
- [ ] Korean (Read 1 Story)

View File

@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ whereas **direct declarators** will look like one of:
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
What two qualifiers can be found on a pointer? What two qualifiers can be used in a pointer declaration?
Back: `const` and `volatile`. Back: `const` and `volatile`.
Reference: Van der Linden, Peter. _Expert C Programming: Deep C Secrets_. Programming Languages / C. Mountain View, Cal.: SunSoft Pr, 1994. Reference: Van der Linden, Peter. _Expert C Programming: Deep C Secrets_. Programming Languages / C. Mountain View, Cal.: SunSoft Pr, 1994.
<!--ID: 1722786892098--> <!--ID: 1722786892098-->
@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
What is the "only advantage" of `enum`s over `#define` according to Linden? According to Linden, what is the "only advantage" of `enum`s over `#define`?
Back: `enum`s can usually be traced in a debugger. Back: `enum`s can usually be traced in a debugger.
Reference: Van der Linden, Peter. _Expert C Programming: Deep C Secrets_. Programming Languages / C. Mountain View, Cal.: SunSoft Pr, 1994. Reference: Van der Linden, Peter. _Expert C Programming: Deep C Secrets_. Programming Languages / C. Mountain View, Cal.: SunSoft Pr, 1994.
<!--ID: 1722786892138--> <!--ID: 1722786892138-->

View File

@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
Consider a B-tree of order $7$. How many children $c$ can the root have? Consider a B-tree of order $7$. How many children $c$ can the root have?
Back: $0 \leq c \leq 7$ Back: $1 \leq c \leq 7$
Reference: Donald Ervin Knuth, _Art of Computer Programming, 3: Sorting and Searching_, 2. ed., 34. (Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley, 1995). Reference: Donald Ervin Knuth, _Art of Computer Programming, 3: Sorting and Searching_, 2. ed., 34. (Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley, 1995).
<!--ID: 1723211542069--> <!--ID: 1723211542069-->
END%% END%%
@ -363,7 +363,95 @@ Reference: Thomas H. Cormen et al., Introduction to Algorithms, Fourth edition (
<!--ID: 1723321615989--> <!--ID: 1723321615989-->
END%% END%%
## B+ Tree
The **B+ tree** is a B-tree with the following differences:
* Internal nodes do not store values; that is, all values are stored in the leaf nodes.
* Leaf nodes may include a pointer to the next leaf node to speed sequential access.
%%ANKI
Basic
What is the *required* distinction between B-trees and B+ trees?
Back: Values in B+ trees are only stored in leaf nodes.
Reference: “B-Tree,” in _Wikipedia_, August 7, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree&oldid=1239132600).
<!--ID: 1723325926214-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
In a B-tree, where can values be found?
Back: In any node.
Reference: “B-Tree,” in _Wikipedia_, August 7, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree&oldid=1239132600).
<!--ID: 1723325926220-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
In a B+ tree, where can values be found?
Back: In the leaf nodes.
Reference: “B-Tree,” in _Wikipedia_, August 7, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree&oldid=1239132600).
<!--ID: 1723325926224-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What is the *optional* distinction between B-trees and B+ trees?
Back: A B+ tree leaf node may include a pointer to the next leaf node.
Reference: “B-Tree,” in _Wikipedia_, August 7, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree&oldid=1239132600).
<!--ID: 1723325926227-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
How is a B+ tree defined in terms of B-trees?
Back: As a B-tree in which all values must reside in the leaf nodes.
Reference: “B-Tree,” in _Wikipedia_, August 7, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree&oldid=1239132600).
<!--ID: 1723325926231-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
Why might a B+ tree implementation include pointers from leaf to leaf?
Back: To speed up sequential access.
Reference: “B-Tree,” in _Wikipedia_, August 7, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree&oldid=1239132600).
<!--ID: 1723325926235-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
Which of B-trees and B+ trees likely have a higher order?
Back: B+ trees.
Reference: “B-Tree,” in _Wikipedia_, August 7, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree&oldid=1239132600).
<!--ID: 1723325926239-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
Why do B+ trees typically have higher orders than B-trees?
Back: Their internal nodes do not have values, leaving room for more keys.
Reference: “B-Tree,” in _Wikipedia_, August 7, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree&oldid=1239132600).
<!--ID: 1723325926244-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
Which of B+ trees and B-trees are likely deeper?
Back: B-trees.
Reference: “B-Tree,” in _Wikipedia_, August 7, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree&oldid=1239132600).
<!--ID: 1723325926249-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
Why are B+ trees typically shallower than B-trees?
Back: Their internal nodes do not have values, leaving room for more keys.
Reference: “B-Tree,” in _Wikipedia_, August 7, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree&oldid=1239132600).
<!--ID: 1723325926253-->
END%%
## Bibliography ## Bibliography
* “B-Tree,” in _Wikipedia_, August 7, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B-tree&oldid=1239132600).
* Donald Ervin Knuth, _Art of Computer Programming, 3: Sorting and Searching_, 2. ed., 34. (Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley, 1995). * Donald Ervin Knuth, _Art of Computer Programming, 3: Sorting and Searching_, 2. ed., 34. (Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley, 1995).
* Thomas H. Cormen et al., Introduction to Algorithms, Fourth edition (Cambridge, Massachusett: The MIT Press, 2022). * Thomas H. Cormen et al., Introduction to Algorithms, Fourth edition (Cambridge, Massachusett: The MIT Press, 2022).

View File

@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ tags:
## Overview ## Overview
The IEEE floating-point standard defines an encoding used to represent numbers of form $$(-1)^s \times M \times 2^E$$ where $s$ denotes the **sign bit**, $M$ the **significand**, and $E$ the **exponent**. The binary representation of floating point numbers are segmented into three fields: the sign bit, the exponent field, and the fraction field. Furthermore, there are three classes these fields are interpreted with respect to: The IEEE floating-point standard defines an encoding used to represent numbers of form $$(-1)^s \times M \times 2^E$$
where $s$ denotes the **sign bit**, $M$ the **significand**, and $E$ the **exponent**. The binary representation of floating point numbers are segmented into three fields: the sign bit, the exponent field, and the fraction field. Furthermore, there are three classes these fields are interpreted with respect to:
* Normalized Form * Normalized Form
* Here the exponent field is neither all `0`s nor all `1`s. * Here the exponent field is neither all `0`s nor all `1`s.

View File

@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
Which of a formal system or a deductive system is defined in terms of the other? Which of a formal system or a deductive system is defined in terms of the other?
Back: The formal system. Back: A deductive system makes up part of a formal system.
Reference: “Formal System,” in _Wikipedia_, May 10, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Formal_system](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Formal_system&oldid=1223254138). Reference: “Formal System,” in _Wikipedia_, May 10, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Formal_system](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Formal_system&oldid=1223254138).
<!--ID: 1721561534115--> <!--ID: 1721561534115-->
END%% END%%

View File

@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
How does the principle of explosion relate to the law of contradiction? How does the principle of explosion relate to the law of contradiction?
Back: If a contradiction could be proven, then anything can be proven. Back: If a contradiction could be proven, then anything can be proven (using the principle of explosion).
Reference: “Principle of Explosion,” in _Wikipedia_, July 3, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Principle_of_explosion](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Principle_of_explosion&oldid=1232334233). Reference: “Principle of Explosion,” in _Wikipedia_, July 3, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Principle_of_explosion](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Principle_of_explosion&oldid=1232334233).
<!--ID: 1721354092789--> <!--ID: 1721354092789-->
END%% END%%
@ -1174,7 +1174,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
Suppose $x \neq y$. *Why* isn't the following a tautology? $$\large{E_{e_1, e_2, e_3, e_4}^{x, x, y, x}} = E_{(x; \epsilon{:}e_1; \epsilon{:}e_2), e_3, e_4}^{x, y, x}$$ Suppose $x \neq y$. *Why* isn't the following a tautology? $$\large{E_{e_1, e_2, e_3, e_4}^{x[1], x[2], y, x[3]}} = E_{(x; \,[1]{:}e_1; \,[2]{:}e_2), e_3, e_4}^{x, y, x[3]}$$
Back: Because not every $x$ was made adjacent before grouping. Back: Because not every $x$ was made adjacent before grouping.
Reference: Gries, David. *The Science of Programming*. Texts and Monographs in Computer Science. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981. Reference: Gries, David. *The Science of Programming*. Texts and Monographs in Computer Science. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1981.
<!--ID: 1721495879859--> <!--ID: 1721495879859-->

View File

@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ tags:
## Overview ## Overview
Let $\lambda$-term $P$ contain an occurrence of $\lambda x. M$, and let $y \not\in FV(M)$. The act of replacing this occurrence of $\lambda x. M$ with $\lambda y. [y/x]M$ is called a **change of bound variable** or an $\alpha$-conversion in $P$. Let $\lambda$-term $P$ contain an occurrence of $\lambda x. M$, and let $y \not\in FV(M)$. The act of replacing this occurrence of $\lambda x. M$ with $\lambda y. [y/x]M$ is called a **change of bound variable** or an **$\alpha$-conversion in $P$**.
If $P$ can be changed to $\lambda$-term $Q$ by a finite series of changes of bound variables, we shall say **$P$ is congruent to $Q$**, or **$P$ $\alpha$-converts to $Q$**, or $P \equiv_\alpha Q$. If $P$ can be changed to $\lambda$-term $Q$ by a finite series of changes of bound variables, we shall say **$P$ is congruent to $Q$**, or **$P$ $\alpha$-converts to $Q$**, or $P \equiv_\alpha Q$.

View File

@ -14,14 +14,14 @@ If and only if $P$ can be changed to a term $Q$ by a finite series of $\beta$-co
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Cloze Cloze
$\alpha$-{converts} is to $\beta$-{reduces}. $\alpha$-{converts} and $\beta$-{reduces} is to 0 or more modifications.
Reference: Hindley, J Roger, and Jonathan P Seldin. “Lambda-Calculus and Combinators, an Introduction,” n.d. [https://www.cin.ufpe.br/~djo/files/Lambda-Calculus%20and%20Combinators.pdf](https://www.cin.ufpe.br/~djo/files/Lambda-Calculus%20and%20Combinators.pdf). Reference: Hindley, J Roger, and Jonathan P Seldin. “Lambda-Calculus and Combinators, an Introduction,” n.d. [https://www.cin.ufpe.br/~djo/files/Lambda-Calculus%20and%20Combinators.pdf](https://www.cin.ufpe.br/~djo/files/Lambda-Calculus%20and%20Combinators.pdf).
<!--ID: 1718475424836--> <!--ID: 1718475424836-->
END%% END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Cloze Cloze
$\alpha$-{conversion} is to $\beta$-{contraction}. $\alpha$-{conversion} and $\beta$-{contraction} is to 1 modification.
Reference: Hindley, J Roger, and Jonathan P Seldin. “Lambda-Calculus and Combinators, an Introduction,” n.d. [https://www.cin.ufpe.br/~djo/files/Lambda-Calculus%20and%20Combinators.pdf](https://www.cin.ufpe.br/~djo/files/Lambda-Calculus%20and%20Combinators.pdf). Reference: Hindley, J Roger, and Jonathan P Seldin. “Lambda-Calculus and Combinators, an Introduction,” n.d. [https://www.cin.ufpe.br/~djo/files/Lambda-Calculus%20and%20Combinators.pdf](https://www.cin.ufpe.br/~djo/files/Lambda-Calculus%20and%20Combinators.pdf).
<!--ID: 1718475424840--> <!--ID: 1718475424840-->
END%% END%%
@ -573,7 +573,9 @@ END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Cloze Cloze
$P =_\beta Q$ iff $\exists P_0, \ldots, P_n$ s.t. $P_0 \equiv P$, $P_n \equiv Q$, and $\forall i \leq n - 1$, {$P_i \,\triangleright_{1\beta}\, P_{i+1}$} or {$P_{i+1} \,\triangleright_{1\beta}\, P_i$} or {$P_i \equiv_\alpha P_{i+1}$}. $P =_\beta Q$ iff $\exists P_0, \ldots, P_n$ s.t. $P_0 \equiv P$, $P_n \equiv Q$, and $\forall i \leq n - 1$:
<center>{$P_i \,\triangleright_{1\beta}\, P_{i+1}$} or {$P_{i+1} \,\triangleright_{1\beta}\, P_i$} or {$P_i \equiv_\alpha P_{i+1}$}</center>
Reference: Hindley, J Roger, and Jonathan P Seldin. “Lambda-Calculus and Combinators, an Introduction,” n.d. [https://www.cin.ufpe.br/~djo/files/Lambda-Calculus%20and%20Combinators.pdf](https://www.cin.ufpe.br/~djo/files/Lambda-Calculus%20and%20Combinators.pdf). Reference: Hindley, J Roger, and Jonathan P Seldin. “Lambda-Calculus and Combinators, an Introduction,” n.d. [https://www.cin.ufpe.br/~djo/files/Lambda-Calculus%20and%20Combinators.pdf](https://www.cin.ufpe.br/~djo/files/Lambda-Calculus%20and%20Combinators.pdf).
<!--ID: 1721305567189--> <!--ID: 1721305567189-->
END%% END%%

View File

@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
For what values of $n$ is an "$n$-ary relation on $A$" a "relation"? For what values of $n$ is an "$n$-ary relation on $A$" definitively a relation?
Back: $n > 1$ Back: $n > 1$
Reference: Herbert B. Enderton, *Elements of Set Theory* (New York: Academic Press, 1977). Reference: Herbert B. Enderton, *Elements of Set Theory* (New York: Academic Press, 1977).
<!--ID: 1718329620155--> <!--ID: 1718329620155-->
@ -1093,13 +1093,6 @@ Reference: “Antisymmetric Relation,” in _Wikipedia_, January 24, 2024, [http
<!--ID: 1721912048142--> <!--ID: 1721912048142-->
END%% END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
{1:Distinct} elements is to {2:antisymmetry} whereas {2:any} elements is to {1:asymmetry}.
Reference: Herbert B. Enderton, *Elements of Set Theory* (New York: Academic Press, 1977).
<!--ID: 1722735199608-->
END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Cloze Cloze
A relation $R$ is asymmetric iff $R$ is {antisymmetric} and {irreflexive}. A relation $R$ is asymmetric iff $R$ is {antisymmetric} and {irreflexive}.
@ -1238,7 +1231,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
What members must be added to make $R = \{\langle a, b \rangle, \langle b, c \rangle, \langle c, a \rangle\}$ strongly connected on $\{a, b, c\}$? What members must be added to make $R = \{\langle a, b \rangle, \langle b, c \rangle, \langle c, a \rangle\}$ strongly connected on $\{a, b, c\}$?
Back: $\langle a, a \rangle$, $\langle b, b \rangle$, $\langle c, c \rangle$ Back: $\langle a, a \rangle$, $\langle b, b \rangle$, and $\langle c, c \rangle$.
Reference: “Connected Relation,” in _Wikipedia_, July 14, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation&oldid=1234415201). Reference: “Connected Relation,” in _Wikipedia_, July 14, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation&oldid=1234415201).
<!--ID: 1722735199688--> <!--ID: 1722735199688-->
END%% END%%
@ -1261,21 +1254,14 @@ END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
Why might we say asymmetry is "strong antisymmetry"? Why might we say asymmetry is "strong antisymmetry"?
Back: The former implies the latter. Back: Asymmetry implies antisymmetry.
Reference: “Connected Relation,” in _Wikipedia_, July 14, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation&oldid=1234415201). Reference: “Connected Relation,” in _Wikipedia_, July 14, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation&oldid=1234415201).
<!--ID: 1722735199707--> <!--ID: 1722735199707-->
END%% END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
{1:Distinct} elements is to {2:connected} whereas {2:any} elements is to {1:strongly connected}.
Reference: “Connected Relation,” in _Wikipedia_, July 14, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation&oldid=1234415201).
<!--ID: 1722735199711-->
END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
What makes "strong connectedness" stronger than "connectedness"? What makes "strong connectivity" stronger than "connectivity"?
Back: The former implies the latter. Back: The former implies the latter.
Reference: “Connected Relation,” in _Wikipedia_, July 14, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation&oldid=1234415201). Reference: “Connected Relation,” in _Wikipedia_, July 14, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connected_relation&oldid=1234415201).
<!--ID: 1722735199715--> <!--ID: 1722735199715-->

View File

@ -94,12 +94,19 @@ END%%
## SET ## SET
| Instruction | Synonym | Effect | Description | | Instruction | Synonym | Effect | Description |
| ----------- | ------- | ---------- | -------------------- | | ----------- | -------- | --------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ |
| `sete` | `setz` | `D <- ZF` | Equal / zero | | `sete` | `setz` | `D <- ZF` | Equal / zero |
| `setne` | `setnz` | `D <- ~ZF` | Not equal / not zero | | `setne` | `setnz` | `D <- ~ZF` | Not equal / not zero |
| `sets` | | `D <- SF` | Negative | | `sets` | | `D <- SF` | Negative |
| `setns` | | `D <- ~SF` | Nonnegative | | `setns` | | `D <- ~SF` | Nonnegative |
| `setl` | `setnge` | `D <- SF ^ OF` | Less (signed `<`) |
| `setle` | `setng` | <code>D <- (SF ^ OF) \| ZF</code> | Less or equal (signed `<=`) |
| `setg` | `setnle` | `D <- ~(SF ^ OF) & ~ZF` | Greater (signed `>`) |
| `setge` | `setnl` | `D <- ~(SF ^ OF)` | Greater or equal (signed `<=`) |
| `setb` | `setnae` | `D <- CF` | Below (unsigned `<`) |
Note how the other condition code effects are easy to derive from `setl` and `setb`.
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
@ -258,6 +265,241 @@ Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Program
<!--ID: 1720992217917--> <!--ID: 1720992217917-->
END%% END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What arithmetic computation is a `SET` instruction's interpretation of condition codes based on?
Back: `t = a - b`
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723413572733-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What is `l` in the `setl` instruction short for?
Back: **L**ess.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723413572741-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
{`setl`} is a synonym for {`setnge`}.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723413572744-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What is `nge` in the `setnge` instruction short for?
Back: **N**ot **g**reater or **e**qual.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723413572748-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What is `b` in the `setb` instruction short for?
Back: **B**elow.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723413572751-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
{`setb`} is a synonym for {`setnae`}.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723413572754-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What is `nae` in the `setnae` instruction short for?
Back: **N**ot **a**bove or **e**qual.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723413572758-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
{1:`setl`} is to {2:signed} integers whereas {2:`setb`} is to {1:unsigned} integers.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723413572761-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
{1:`setnae`} is to {2:unsigned} integers whereas {2:`setnge`} is to {1:signed} integers.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723413572765-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What condition code(s) does `setl` refer to?
Back: `SF` and `OF`.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723413572738-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
In terms of condition codes, what value does `setl` put in its specified destination?
Back: `SF ^ OF`
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723414089680-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What condition code(s) does `setb` refer to?
Back: `CF`
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723413572768-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
In terms of condition codes, what value does `setb` put in its specified destination?
Back: `CF`
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723414089686-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What is `le` in the `setle` instruction short for?
Back: **L**ess or **e**qual.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466419231-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
{`setle`} is a synonym for {`setng`}.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466419237-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
{1:`setle`} is to {2:signed} integers whereas {2:`setbe`} is to {1:unsigned} integers.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466419240-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
{1:`setna`} is to {2:unsigned} integers whereas {2:`setng`} is to {1:signed} integers.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466419242-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What condition code(s) does `setle` refer to?
Back: `SF`, `OF`, and `ZF`.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466419245-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
In terms of condition codes, what value does `setle` put in its specified destination?
Back: `(SF ^ OF) | ZF`
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466419248-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What is `g` in the `setg` instruction short for?
Back: **G**reater.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466537465-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
{`setg`} is a synonym for {`setnle`}.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466537469-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
{1:`setg`} is to {2:signed} integers whereas {2:`seta`} is to {1:unsigned} integers.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466537473-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
{1:`setnle`} is to {2:signed} integers whereas {2:`setnbe`} is to {1:unsigned} integers.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466537477-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What condition code(s) does `setg` refer to?
Back: `SF`, `OF`, and `ZF`.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466537481-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
In terms of condition codes, what value does `setg` put in its specified destination?
Back: `~(SF ^ OF) & ~ZF`
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466537485-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What is `ge` in the `setge` instruction short for?
Back: **G**reater or **e**qual.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466622307-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
{`setge`} is a synonym for {`setnl`}.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466622313-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
{1:`setge`} is to {2:signed} integers whereas {2:`setae`} is to {1:unsigned} integers.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466622316-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
{1:`setnb`} is to {2:unsigned} integers whereas {2:`setnl`} is to {1:signed} integers.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466622319-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What condition code(s) does `setge` refer to?
Back: `SF` and `OF`.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466622322-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
In terms of condition codes, what value does `setge` put in its specified destination?
Back: `~(SF ^ OF)`
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1723466622325-->
END%%
## Bibliography ## Bibliography
* Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016. * Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.