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More on printf.

c-declarations
Joshua Potter 2024-02-14 12:08:10 -07:00
parent 07097ccc7b
commit 4a4c1a30da
7 changed files with 128 additions and 12 deletions
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12
notes/.obsidian/plugins/obsidian-to-anki-plugin/data.json
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@ -119,12 +119,12 @@
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---
title: "2024-02-14"
---
- [x] Anki Flashcards
- [x] KoL
- [ ] Sheet Music (10 min.)
- [ ] OGS (1 Life & Death Problem)
- [x] Korean (Read 1 Story)
- [ ] Interview Prep (1 Practice Problem)
- [x] Log Work Hours (Max 3 hours)
* More flashcards on `printf`. This time on flags.
* Read 금덩이를 버린 형제 (Two brothers Who Threw Away Their Lumps of Gold).
* Flashcards are growing much more rapidly with my Obsidian_to_Anki plugin approach. Increased new card limit to 40 and will evaluate how well that works.

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notes/_journal/2024-02-13.md → notes/_journal/2024-02/2024-02-13.md
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notes/algorithms/order-growth.md
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@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ The **running time** of an algorithm is usually considered as a function of its
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
How is the running time of a program traditionally measured? How is the running time of a program measured as a function?
Back: As a function of its input size. Back: As a function of its input size.
Reference: Thomas H. Cormen et al., *Introduction to Algorithms*, 3rd ed (Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 2009). Reference: Thomas H. Cormen et al., *Introduction to Algorithms*, 3rd ed (Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 2009).
<!--ID: 1707334419352--> <!--ID: 1707334419352-->

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@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
*When* should padding be introduced on converting binary to hexadecimal? *When* should padding be introduced in binary to hexadecimal conversion?
Back: When the number of bits is not a multiple of `4`. Back: When the number of bits is not a multiple of `4`.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016. Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1707432641571--> <!--ID: 1707432641571-->
@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
*Where* is padding introduced on binary to hexadecimal conversion? *Where* is padding introduced in binary to hexadecimal conversion?
Back: To the left of the binary sequence. Back: To the left of the binary sequence.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016. Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1707432641573--> <!--ID: 1707432641573-->
@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
What are the possible values the first nibble of $2^n$ can take on? What are the possible values in binary that the first nibble of $2^n$ can take on?
Back: `0001`, `0010`, `0100`, and `1000`. Back: `0001`, `0010`, `0100`, and `1000`.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016. Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1707432641580--> <!--ID: 1707432641580-->
@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
How is $j$ interpreted in the hex representation of $2^{i + 4j}$? How is $j$ interpreted in the hex representation of $2^{i + 4j}$?
As the number of `0`s in the encoding. Back: As the number of `0`s in the encoding.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016. Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1707432641582--> <!--ID: 1707432641582-->
END%% END%%
@ -151,6 +151,14 @@ Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Program
<!--ID: 1707432641595--> <!--ID: 1707432641595-->
END%% END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
When does repeated division in decimal to hex conversion end?
Back: When the quotient (*not* the remainder) is `0`.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1707919792632-->
END%%
%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
How is e.g. `0xAC32` expressed as a sum of decimal values? How is e.g. `0xAC32` expressed as a sum of decimal values?

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%%ANKI %%ANKI
Basic Basic
Why does converting from e.g. decimal to another base involve repeated division? Why does converting from e.g. decimal to another base involve repeated division?
Back: The position of a digit corresponds to the base raised to the position. Back: The position of a digit corresponds to the base raised to that position.
Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016. Reference: Bryant, Randal E., and David O'Hallaron. *Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective*. Third edition, Global edition. Always Learning. Pearson, 2016.
<!--ID: 1707432641592--> <!--ID: 1707432641592-->
END%% END%%

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## `printf` ## `printf`
The syntax for the format placeholder is `%[param][flags][width][.precision][length]specifier`. The syntax for the format placeholder is `%[flags][width][.precision][length]specifier`.
Flag | Description
--------- | -----------
`-` | Left-aligns the output
`+` | Prepends a plus for positive signed-numeric types
`␣` | Prepends a space for positive signed-numeric types
`0` | Prepends zeros for numeric types
%%ANKI
Cloze
The {`-`} flag {left-aligns the output}.
Reference: “Printf,” in *Wikipedia*, January 18, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962).
<!--ID: 1707918756812-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
The `-` flag overrides what default behavior?
Back: Output is right-aligned by default.
Reference: “Printf,” in *Wikipedia*, January 18, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962).
<!--ID: 1707918756840-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
The {`+`} flag {prepends a plus for positive signed-numeric types}.
Reference: “Printf,” in *Wikipedia*, January 18, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962).
<!--ID: 1707918756846-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
The `+` flag overrides what default behavior?
Back: Nothing is prepended to positive signed-numeric types by default.
Reference: “Printf,” in *Wikipedia*, January 18, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962).
<!--ID: 1707918756852-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
The {`␣`} flag {prepends a space for positive signed-numeric types}.
Reference: “Printf,” in *Wikipedia*, January 18, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962).
<!--ID: 1707918756856-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
The `␣` flag overrides what default behavior?
Back: Nothing is prepended to positive signed-numeric types by default.
Reference: “Printf,” in *Wikipedia*, January 18, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962).
<!--ID: 1707918756861-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
How do the `+` and `␣` flags relate to one another?
Back: Both prepend a character to positive signed-numeric types.
Reference: “Printf,” in *Wikipedia*, January 18, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962).
<!--ID: 1707918756865-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What happens if both the `+` and `␣` flags are specified?
Back: The `+` flag takes precedence.
Reference: “Printf,” in *Wikipedia*, January 18, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962).
<!--ID: 1707918756870-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Cloze
The {`0`} flag {prepends zeros for numeric types}.
Reference: “Printf,” in *Wikipedia*, January 18, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962).
<!--ID: 1707918756875-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
What option must be specified for the `0` flag to take effect?
Back: The "width" option.
Reference: “Printf,” in *Wikipedia*, January 18, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962).
<!--ID: 1707918756881-->
END%%
%%ANKI
Basic
The `0` flag overrides what default behavior?
Back: Spaces are used to match the "width" option by default.
Reference: “Printf,” in *Wikipedia*, January 18, 2024, [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Printf&oldid=1196716962).
<!--ID: 1707918756888-->
END%%
Specifier | Description Specifier | Description
--------- | ----------- --------- | -----------